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Standard Parts. Ganter.

Levels.Ganter.

A spirit level is a hollow body filled with a fluid and a gas bubble which is used to check the horizontal position of an object. The position of the gas bubble in the fluid shows the angle and the direction at which the object is inclined in relation to the horizontal level.

Types of spirit levels

Spirit levels are available as bull’s eye, horizontal or cross spirit levels.

The bubble in a bull’s eye level simultaneously indicates the direction and the angle of inclination in the horizontal plane.

Horizontal spirit levels only indicate the angle of inclination along the spirit level axis, with no indication of the overall inclination or its direction with respect to the horizontal plane.

Cross spirit levels contain two horizontal spirit levels situated at a 90° angle to each other. This allows them to simultaneously indicate the direction and angle of inclination, with separate indication of the X and Y components.

The function

The hollow body containing the fluid and the gas bubble has a defined radius at its top side, causing the gas bubble to float by its buoyancy always to the highest point.

The transparent upper section normally carries markings or a circle centric to the middle position. If the gas bubble is centered precisely inside the marking and if the air level is properly adjusted, the object to be checked is in the horizontal position.

Sensitivity

The sensitivity of spirit levels is given as angle of inclination, e.g. 30 angular minutes or 0,5 degrees. This is the angle of inclination by which the spirit level must be tilted to make the bubble move by 2 mm. A spirit level with a sensitivity of 6 angular minutes therefore has a higher sensitivity than a spirit level with a sensitivity of 30 angular minutes.

Angle of inclination and difference in altitude

Sensitivity is sometimes also given in millimetre per metre, i.e. as difference in altitude per unit of length.

See also the reference table opposite.

Difference in altitude Angle w Angle w
in millimetre per metre in angular minutes Degree, decimal
0,3 1 0,0167
0,9 3 0,0500
1,7 6 0,1000
2,9 10 0,1667
5,8 20 0,3333
8,7 30 0,5000
11,6 40 0,6667
14,5 50 0,8333
17,5 60 1,0000
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